What should be the voltage between phase and earth and between zero and earth?
1) Is this voltage difference considered normal?
Between phase and zero - 234
phase and earth - 33
zero and ground - 16
2) Recently, one of the outlets has stopped working. I checked the phase with an indicator screwdriver (normal, without batteries) there is a phase, I checked the second wire is also on, but weakly. Dismantled and saw the following (presumably, instead of zero, the earth is twisted). I already encountered this problem on 3 outlets in this apartment, and fixed it on my own, but a meter knocked out on them, but not on this outlet. A router was plugged into the outlet; it might not have been knocked out due to low consumption. I checked after a few days, the indicator stopped burning on the second wire. The voltage difference is not stable. Between phase and ground (presumably) from 0 to 1000. Phase and zero, zero and ground from 0 to 30
On the second question, the word "supposedly" confuses, i.e. You do not know what kind of wires are and swap them? Have you identified this by color coding? Are you sure that the color coding is respected? You can find ground if you disconnect the wire from the ground electrode and the jumper between the PE and N-bus from the PE bus in the electrical panel. Then there will be no voltage between the phase and the conditional earth.